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Emma King
Year of call: 1999

Education

BA (Hons), MA Oxon

Diploma in Investment Compliance




Profile

Emma specialises in asset forfeiture, fraud and financial regulatory work. She is currently appointed to the Attorney General’s unified prosecution B list (formerly on the C list 2002-2006).

REGULATORY

In 2008 Emma attained a Diploma in Investment Compliance from the Securities and Investments Institute. Through this she has a thorough knowledge of Financial Services Authority (FSA) regulation and the FSA Handbook, the provisions of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA), Conduct of Business Rules, market abuse, Money Laundering Regulations, the Takeover and Mergers Code and related provisions under the Companies Act.

She undertook a six month secondment in 2008 at the Accountancy and Actuarial Discipline Board (part of the Financial Reporting Council) and worked exclusively on their investigation into Deloitte & Touche in respect of certain audit and non-audit services provided to MG Rover.

She has co-written published articles on regulatory matters including insider dealing and FSA action to combat boiler room fraud.  She has also assisted in drafting a chapter of a Handbook for Money Laundering Reporting Officers.

ASSET FORFEITURE

Restraint and Management Receivership

Emma is experienced in drafting restraint orders under both the Criminal Justice Act (CJA) and the Proceeds of Crime Act (POCA), including restraint proceedings in multi-handed MTIC cases. She has advised on related issues such as lifting the corporate veil, as well as the variation of orders to allow release of funds for legal expenses and to allow restrained companies to continue to trade. She has dealt with applications by third parties to vary restraint. She has advised on, and appeared in High Court Contempt proceedings where restraint orders have been breached. She has appeared in applications for appointment of Management Receivers as well as drafting management receivership orders and variations. She has also advised on policy in relation to Management Receivers.

Confiscation

She has acted in confiscation proceedings both under POCA, and under the old regime of the DTA/CJA. She was instructed in complex confiscation proceedings arising out of convictions in a MTIC fraud. The confiscation order made against the first defendant was the second largest ever obtained by Revenue & Customs. She is familiar with the arguments on calculation of benefit, apportionment and hidden assets.She has experience of related Ancillary Relief proceedings where spouses of defendants are claiming an interest in property subject to confiscation proceedings.

Enforcement

She has acted in enforcement proceedings in the Magistrates' Court. She has advised on the appointment of Enforcement Receivers under the CJA and POCA. She has experience of drafting Enforcement Receivership Orders and their attendant witness statements, including where the Confiscation Order to be enforced is in excess of £25 million and where there are multiple third parties.

Cash Forfeiture 

She has conducted nuerous contested cash detention and forfeiture hearings under the POCA, as well as under the DTA/CJA. She acts mainly for Revenue and Customs in these matters, but occasionally acts for/advises respondents. She has appeared in the Administrative Court and forfeiture appeals.

FRAUD

Emma has particular experience in MTIC (Missing Trader Intra Community) VAT fraud and spent a number of years working on a series of these trials. She also has experience of duty diversion fraud and money laundering cases.

She has wide experience of fraud-related disclosure and was involved in the MIHP (MTIC Information Handling Project), a national disclosure exercise undertaken in relation to all VAT frauds.  

She has been instructed by the SFO Mutual Legal Assistance department to assist with a number of cases, mainly involving overseas corruption. She has acted on behalf of BERR in relation to Insolvency Act offences. 

HEALTH AND SAFETY

Emma has experience of Health and Safety prosecutions, including those involving workplace fatalities.

MISCELLANEOUS

Emma has conducted a number of Legal Professional Privilege reviews, including attending searches as independent counsel. She is currently instructed by the SFO to conduct a large-scale LPP review.

She is experienced in cases involving issues of Public Interest Immunity. She has conducted numerous PII hearings and regularly advises on such matters. She has also conducted numerous drug importation cases.

Articles and Publications

Co-author of the following articles:

An Inside Job? published in the New Law Journal on 14th March 2008

FSA Steams Up Over Boiler Rooms published in the New Law Journal on 8th August 2008 

Assisted Wiliam Clegg QC in drafting a chapter (entitled "AML and the Courts") of a MLRO Handbook published online by Complinet.



Memberships
Association of Regulatory and Disciplinary Lawyers
Proceeds of Crime Lawyers Association

Cases

Domestic Appellate Cases
De Witte v Regina Appeared for Prosecution
(HM Customs) Case of a lorry driver bringing in 150kg of cannabis. Successfully resisted appeal against conviction involving analysis of expert tachograph evidence. Prosecuted trial at first instance.
Court: Court of Appeal  Date: 2005
Andrews v Regina Appeared for Prosecution (Junior Counsel )
(HM Customs). Case of a Rastafarian convicted of importing cannabis. He claimed this was a breach of his religious freedom conferred by Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The appellant sought a declaration that the Customs and Excise Management Act was incompatible with the ECHR. The case raised complex issues involving the interaction between domestic and European law.
Court: Court of Appeal  Date: 2004
Fraud
R v J & Others Appeared for Prosecution (Junior Counsel )
An MTIC (Missing Trader Intra Community) VAT fraud. Involved VAT loss of £20 million. Fourteen defendants tried over a series of trials. Proceeds of fraud laundered through a complex offshore company structure.
Date: 2007
Operation B Appeared for prosecution (junior counsel). Allegation of money laundering through Money Service Businesses.
Date: 2003
R v Sherwin & Others Appeared for Defence (Junior Counsel )
Case where defendant faced two indictments, one alleging duty diversion fraud, and the other money laundering the proceeds of that fraud. Prosecution offered no evidence after receiving the defence skeleton argument on abuse of process, deciding that it could not be successfully resisted.
Date: 2002
Murder/Manslaughter
R v Dicker Appeared for Prosecution (Junior Counsel )
Defendant convicted of the murder of his mother.
Date: 2005
R v Abouzour & Tahir Appeared for Prosecution (Junior Counsel )
Operation Trident prosecution for murder.
Date: 2004
R v Clarke & Clarke Appeared for Prosecution (Junior Counsel )
Murder involving “cut throat” defence.
Date: 2003
Health and Safety/Environmental
R v Trackline Ltd Appeared as a sole counsel on behalf of the Health and Safety Executive. Prosecution of a company for breach of statutory duty following an incident in which an employee had been crushed by a forklift truck.
Date: 2009
R v Ahmed Appeared as sole counsel on behalf of the Health and Safety Executive. Prosecution in relation to the production of a falsified Gas Safety Certificate.
Date: 2009
Drugs
R v Epie & Others Appeared for Prosecution
Large cocaine importation with three defendants.
Date: 2007
Confiscation and Restraint
Operation C Sole counsel for HM Revenue & Customs. DTA confiscation proceedings.
Date: 2010
Operation M Sole counsel for HM Revenue & Customs. Restraint proceedings in the case of three defendants charged with tax credit fraud.
Date: 2009
Operation M Sole counsel for HM Revenue & Customs. Restraint proceedings in a VAT fraud.
Date: 2009
Operation H Sole Counsel for HM Revenue & Customs. Contempt proceedings in the High Court arising out of alleged breach of CJA Restraint Order.
Date: 2009
J & Others Confiscation Appeared for Prosecution
Instructed by HM Revenue & Customs as junior counsel in confiscation proceedings against 12 defendants arising out of convictions for a VAT carousel fraud. The proceedings were conducted under the CJA and involved complex legal issues including apportionment of benefit and whether gross turnover can be used to calculate benefit. A confiscation order of £26M was made against the first defendant; this is one of the largest confiscation orders ever obtained by Revenue & Customs.
Date: 2008
Operation W Sole Counsel for HM Revenue & Customs. Application for Management Receiver arising out of a VAT fraud. Subsequent applications to vary the restraint made by third parties
Date: 2008
Operation X HM Revenue & Customs (Junior Counsel). Advising on restraint/receivership applications in an MTIC fraud investigation involving multiple defendants.
Date: 2008
Operation I Junior Counsel for HM Revenue & Customs Restraint proceedings ancillary to an MTIC fraud investigation, involving multiple restraint orders and the appointment of a management receiver.
Date: 2008
Re: B & Others HM Revenue & Customs (Junior Counsel). Restraint proceedings arising out of a tax fraud.
Date: 2008
Muneka v Commissioners of Customs and Excise Appeared for Prosecution (Junior Counsel )
HM Customs. Appeal in Administrative Court of forfeiture order. Issue was whether requiring a respondent to show the origins of cash seized amounted to imposing a reverse burden. Conducted the forfeiture hearing alone at first instance.
Court: Adminstrative Court  Date: 2005
R v Turner & Others Appeared for Prosecution (Junior Counsel )
HM Customs. Money laundering case involving the proceeds of drug trafficking. Conducted the contested confiscation proceedings alone and succeeded in getting a confiscation order for the full amount sought (over £600,000).
Date: 2004
 
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